Part 1 — Executive Summary, Background, and Exploit Summary
Executive Summary
This governance paper presents a comprehensive review of the circumstances surrounding the September 12, 2025 Shibarium bridge exploit, its impact on K9 DAO, and the strategic options now available to the community. In alignment with DAO-first principles and legal guidance, the Roundtable of Dogs and contributing Sub DAO members have prepared this document so that all KNINE token holders may make an informed decision on K9 DAO’s future.
K9 DAO was originally established to provide liquid staking for BONE on Shibarium and became one of the most significant contributors to Shibarium’s economic activity. Prior to the exploit, K9 DAO operated the largest validator by staked assets, launched one of the chain’s highest-impact user acquisition campaigns, and played a central role in onboarding new users to the ecosystem. As a result, the September exploit, which compromised 23% of the KNINE supply held within the Shibarium bridge, had an outsized operational and financial impact on the DAO.
Over the three months following the exploit, K9 DAO engaged in extensive recovery efforts, including emergency on-chain responses, negotiations, bounty proposals, technical investigation, and collaboration with security researchers and Shib.io team members. Despite these efforts, the stolen KNINE remains unrecovered, the Shibarium bridge remains closed, and no finalized compensation mechanism has been provided.
At the same time, chain-wide economic conditions deteriorated: transaction activity fell, total value locked declined, and the environment necessary for K9’s liquid staking model became increasingly unsustainable. As revenue neutrality eroded, operating costs continued, compressing the DAO’s runway and limiting the timeline for further delay.
This document outlines six strategic pathways for the community to consider. Each reflects a materially different outcome for the protocol, treasury, token utility, and DAO mission. The DAO is now required to determine whether to remain on Shibarium, consolidate operations on Ethereum, compensate users through the treasury, migrate to a new chain, or proceed with a full token acquisition and relaunch process.
The decision belongs entirely to KNINE holders. This governance process offers a structured, transparent, and fact-based framework so the community may determine the path that maximizes long-term sustainability, fairness to affected users, and the continued viability of K9 DAO.
Table of Contents (Part 1 Only)
(Full table of contents will appear in Part 3)
-
Executive Summary
-
Background & Mission
-
K9 DAO’s Role in the Shibarium Ecosystem
-
Events Leading to the Governance Vote
-
Summary of the Shibarium Exploit
1. Background & Mission
K9 DAO was founded as a decentralized liquid staking protocol for BONE on the Shibarium network. Its mandate was to enhance decentralization, improve validator participation, and provide a secure, transparent, open-source staking platform for the Shibarium community.
Key objectives included:
-
Providing a non-custodial liquid staking solution
-
Operating enterprise-grade validator infrastructure
-
Increasing Shibarium adoption through user-friendly DeFi tools
-
Building data pipelines to enhance ecosystem transparency
-
Ensuring long-term sustainability through revenue-generating products
K9 DAO’s operations were intentionally designed to be heavily integrated with Shibarium. The protocol’s revenue model, infrastructure requirements, and product roadmap assumed a growing and active Shibarium ecosystem. This dependency made the subsequent exploit particularly impactful.
2. K9 DAO’s Role in the Shibarium Ecosystem
K9 DAO rapidly became one of the most significant contributors to on-chain activity on Shibarium.
2.1 Economic Contribution
-
At launch (September 2024), Shibarium TVL was approximately $1.2M (DeFiLlama).
-
By December 2024, TVL exceeded $11M, with K9 products consistently ranking as the largest TVL dApp on the chain.
-
K9 operated the largest validator by staked assets and maintained near-perfect uptime.
2.2 Infrastructure and Grants
K9 DAO received a Google for Startups grant to support its data ingestion, indexing, and validator infrastructure related to Shibarium.
This grant offset a portion of K9’s operating costs for one year, enabling real-time analytics, transparency tooling, and user-facing data products.
2.3 User Acquisition and Growth
K9 DAO executed a large-scale Quest campaign, valued at over $60,000, intended to onboard new users, increase Shibarium transaction activity, and transition the DAO toward revenue neutrality.
-
Nearly 500,000 wallets registered for the campaign.
-
Every participant required BONE to claim rewards.
-
Activity meaningfully increased across the ecosystem.
The claim event—scheduled for days after the exploit—was prevented by the bridge shutdown, halting one of the most impactful growth initiatives in Shibarium’s history.
2.4 DAO Significance
K9 DAO became:
-
The largest non-Shib-owned token to be affected by the exploit
-
One of only two validators not compromised during the attack
-
A major driver of daily chain activity and economic throughput
This context underscores why a governance decision is now required.
3. Events Leading to the Governance Vote
The Shibarium exploit produced a fundamental disruption in K9 DAO’s token economics, user obligations, and infrastructure model. Multiple compounding factors led the DAO to the point where a formal governance vote became necessary.
3.1 The Bridge Hack
On September 12, 2025, the Shibarium bridge was exploited, resulting in the loss of approximately 23% of the total KNINE supply. These tokens remain unrecovered.
At the time:
-
K9 DAO was the largest TVL protocol on Shibarium
-
The DAO was preparing to launch its major user reward distribution
-
The validator set suffered catastrophic compromise (9 of 11 nodes breached)
These conditions created operational paralysis for both Shibarium and K9 DAO.
3.2 Immediate Chain-Wide Effects
-
The bridge was shut down
-
No compensation mechanism was made available
-
KNINE holders on Shibarium were left without a path to exit the chain
-
Treasury runway began to compress
-
Infrastructure costs continued
-
TVL across the chain declined sharply
3.3 Strategic Constraints
K9 DAO’s legal counsel advised:
-
The DAO has a duty to its members, not to Shibarium
-
The DAO must exhaust all reasonable recovery efforts (which it did)
-
A governance vote is the appropriate next step
-
Delay increases operational risk due to finite runway
The DAO has now reached a point where inaction is economically, operationally, and legally untenable.
4. Summary of the Shibarium Exploit
This section summarizes the exploit in institutionally neutral terms.
4.1 Validator Compromise
The exploit stemmed from the compromise of 9 out of 11 Shibarium validators.
K9 DAO’s validator was one of only two not breached.
The centralization of validator operation—unknown to K9 DAO at the time—was later identified as a factor that enabled the attacker to orchestrate the theft of bridge assets exceeding $4 million USD.
4.2 Impact on KNINE
-
23% of the total KNINE supply was removed from the Shibarium bridge
-
These tokens were subsequently blacklisted by K9 DAO via emergency on-chain action
-
Although blacklisted (non-transferable), the stolen tokens still left the bridge under-collateralized
-
As a result, users on Shibarium held KNINE without backing and without a functioning bridge
4.3 Recovery Efforts
K9 DAO undertook multiple actions:
-
Emergency blacklist transaction
-
Engagement with Shib.io representatives
-
Multiple bounty proposals (5 ETH and later 25 ETH)
-
On-chain communication with the attacker
-
Collaborative investigation with independent security researchers
-
Escalation to KuCoin after tracing laundered funds
-
Public disclosure of findings when further progress stalled
The attacker refused all bounty offers, demanding 50 ETH, and no bridge reopening plan has been finalized.
4.4 Financial Clarification
Consistent with Option 1 framing:
K9 DAO did not receive any form of reimbursement or compensation from Shib.io following the exploit. All bounty funds provided by Shib.io were returned to their originating addresses once the bounty process concluded.
4.5 Continuing Uncertainties
As of the date of this governance paper:
-
The KNINE bridge remains closed
-
No post-mortem has been published outlining root causes or validator decentralization measures
-
No official compensation plan for KNINE holders has been delivered
-
No law enforcement case information has been provided to support further recovery
K9 DAO Governance Paper: Post-Exploit Strategic Pathways
Part 2 — K9 DAO Response, Current State, Rationale for Vote, and Options 1–6
5. K9 DAO’s Response Following the Exploit
Following the September 12, 2025 Shibarium exploit, K9 DAO undertook a coordinated response across technical, operational, legal, and governance domains. The purpose of this section is to summarize the DAO’s documented actions.
5.1 Emergency Technical Actions
Immediately after confirmation of the validator compromise:
-
K9 DAO executed an emergency blacklist transaction to freeze the stolen KNINE tokens, preventing the attacker from moving or selling them.
-
The K9 validator—one of only two not compromised—was used to help stabilize Shibarium during the recovery period.
-
The DAO temporarily adjusted product configurations on Shibarium based on recommendations from security researchers to reduce attack surface.
5.2 Bounty Negotiations and On-Chain Communication
K9 DAO pursued multiple structured bounty attempts to recover stolen assets:
- Initial 5 ETH Bounty
-
Approved by DAO vote
-
Delivered through an on-chain bounty contract
-
Public on-chain messages notified the attacker
-
Attacker responded demanding 50 ETH, rejecting the bounty
- Second Bounty Attempt (25 ETH)
-
Shib.io contributed 20 ETH to support a second recovery effort
-
K9 DAO added the original 5 ETH
-
Total bounty: 25 ETH
-
Attacker again rejected the proposal and repeated the 50 ETH demand
All Shib.io bounty funds were later returned to their originating wallet addresses after the conclusion of the bounty process.
See Appendix for transaction footnotes.
5.3 On-Chain Investigation
K9 developers and contracted security researchers:
-
Traced stolen funds laundered through multiple transactions
-
Identified ETH proceeds deposited into KuCoin-associated wallets
-
Submitted findings to KuCoin, who required a law enforcement case number to act
-
Shared information with a Shib.io representative, who indicated they were engaging law enforcement, but no actionable follow-up was provided
After an extended period with no progress, K9 DAO publicly disclosed the findings on X to promote transparency and encourage broader community participation in resolution efforts.
5.4 Legal Advisory and Governance Preparation
K9 DAO’s legal counsel advised that:
-
The DAO’s duty of care lies with its token holders, not with Shibarium
-
K9 DAO had sufficiently exhausted appropriate recovery channels
-
Continued operational delay would materially reduce financial runway
-
A structured community vote was the correct governance mechanism to determine next steps
This legal guidance initiated preparation of the options presented in this governance paper.
6. Current State of K9 DAO and Shibarium
The DAO now faces a materially altered operating environment compared to pre-exploit conditions.
6.1 Shibarium Network Performance
Over the past year:
-
Total value locked has declined
-
Transaction volume has fallen
-
Fewer ecosystem projects have launched compared to those departing
-
Developer and advisor engagement has meaningfully decreased
Shibarium’s reduced economic activity has directly impacted K9 DAO’s revenue model, which relies on sustained validator usage and staking participation.
6.2 Financial Runway and Operating Costs
The DAO’s runway has been compressed by:
-
Continued infrastructure costs associated with its validator, liquid staking contracts, indexers, and analytics pipelines
-
Market-making obligations on exchanges where KNINE is listed
-
Declining staking volume following the exploit
-
The halt of the Quest claim event, which was expected to materially increase revenue neutrality
K9 DAO currently estimates approximately six months of runway under existing conditions.
6.3 Product Viability and Token Constraints
The closed Shibarium bridge creates several constraints:
-
KNINE holders on Shibarium cannot exit the chain
-
The stolen 23% supply leaves the bridge under-collateralized
-
The original token economics are no longer functional without additional action
-
Airdrop allocations tied to the Quest campaign cannot be executed on Shibarium
Without a functioning bridge or backing mechanism, users holding KNINE on Shibarium have no path to redemption, compensation, or migration unless the DAO selects an option that explicitly resolves this.
6.4 Shibarium Compensation Status
As of the date of this document:
-
No finalized compensation plan for KNINE has been delivered
-
No timeline has been published
-
No post-mortem report has been made available
-
No validator decentralization strategy has been detailed
This uncertainty is a key factor in the DAO’s requirement to reach a decision.
7. Why a Governance Vote Is Required
A formal governance vote is necessary due to the convergence of four conditions:
7.1 Treasury Runway Is Finite
Continuing to operate indefinitely without resolution would force eventual shutdown of core infrastructure and product offerings.
7.2 Bridge and Token Backing Constraints
Until the stolen 23% of KNINE supply is replaced, minted, or compensated for, the token cannot function as originally designed within the Shibarium ecosystem.
7.3 Lack of Clear Remediation Path from Shibarium
The absence of:
-
A working bridge
-
A compensation plan
-
A public post-mortem
-
A roadmap for validator decentralization
means K9 DAO cannot plan operations based on external timelines.
7.4 Duty to DAO Members
Legal counsel affirms that K9 DAO has an obligation to present viable paths forward to its token holders once recovery efforts have been exhausted.
8. Strategic Options for the DAO
The DAO has identified six options reflecting materially different operational, financial, and strategic trajectories.
All options were developed collaboratively by the Roundtable of Dogs and Sub DAO contributors.
Each option below is rewritten for neutrality and clarity.
Detailed comparisons appear in Part 3.
Option 1 — Maintain Current Strategy on Shibarium and Ethereum
Description
K9 DAO continues all existing operations on both Shibarium and Ethereum while awaiting potential compensation from Shib.io and a reopening of the Shibarium bridge.
Key Elements
-
Continue validator operations and liquid staking on Shibarium
-
Continue governance token functionality on Ethereum
-
Delay structural changes until Shibarium finalizes compensation or remediation
-
Aim to extend runway through cost reductions
Pros
-
Preserves original mission alignment with Shibarium
-
Maintains continuity for long-standing users
-
Avoids immediate structural or technical transitions
Cons
-
Dependent on external parties with no defined timelines
-
DAO remains unprofitable under current conditions
-
Bridge remains closed, preventing user withdrawals
-
Airdrop cannot be executed unless the bridge reopens
-
Significant risk of forced shutdown due to runway depletion
Impact on Users
-
KNINE holders on Shibarium remain unable to exit
-
Compensation is contingent on Shib.io delivery
Treasury Impact
-
Runway continues to shorten
-
Market maker costs persist
-
Infrastructure costs remain significant
Option 2 — Consolidate Operations on Ethereum Only
Description
K9 DAO shuts down all Shibarium-related operations and retains KNINE solely as a governance token on Ethereum.
Key Elements
-
Validator and liquid staking operations end
-
Cost-saving measures extend runway
-
KNINE persists for governance only
Pros
-
Reduces ongoing expenses
-
Simplifies token utility and operations
-
Extends financial runway
Cons
-
Users on Shibarium remain locked until an external compensation plan is delivered
-
No airdrop can occur due to gas costs and token availability
-
Removes original utility of KNINE
Impact on Users
-
Shibarium-based KNINE remains illiquid
-
Governance becomes Ethereum-only
Treasury Impact
-
Moderate improvement to runway
-
Some costs retained (market-making, governance operations)
Option 3 — Use DAO Treasury to Fully Compensate Users on Shibarium; Continue Current Operations
Description
K9 DAO uses its own treasury to replace the stolen 23% of KNINE supply, restoring bridge backing and enabling users to withdraw once the bridge reopens.
Key Elements
-
DAO allocates KNINE treasury tokens to replace stolen supply
-
Advisors and team members donate tokens where possible
-
Any remaining deficit is purchased using ETH or USDC
-
DAO continues operating Shibarium products
Pros
-
Allows Shibarium users to exit once the bridge reopens
-
Restores 1:1 KNINE backing
-
Preserves original mission and product structure
Cons
-
Nearly entire treasury would be depleted
-
DAO would become financially unsustainable
-
Airdrop would be cancelled due to lack of tokens
-
Runway would be significantly reduced
Impact on Users
-
Shibarium users made whole
-
No airdrop due to depleted treasury
Treasury Impact
-
Extreme depletion or near depletion
-
Structurally unsustainable beyond short term
Option 4 — Treasury Compensation with Pivot to Ethereum-Only Operations
Description
The DAO uses treasury resources to replace stolen KNINE, but only retains operations on Ethereum afterward. All Shibarium infrastructure and products would be sunset.
Key Elements
-
Treasury compensates for stolen tokens
-
Users urged to bridge off Shibarium
-
Shibarium operations permanently closed
Pros
-
Users made whole
-
Reduces operating complexity
-
Allows for future pivot to a new ecosystem
Cons
-
Similar financial strain to Option 3
-
No airdrop
-
DAO becomes limited in strategic capability until treasury recovers
Impact on Users
-
Shibarium users gain exit liquidity
-
Long-term utility becomes Ethereum-only
Treasury Impact
-
Severe depletion
-
Runway remains constrained
Option 5 — Shut Down Shibarium Operations and Mint the Missing 23% on a New Chain (Base or BNB)
Description
K9 DAO sunsets all Shibarium products and launches a parallel token representation on a new chain by minting replacement tokens. A claim portal is created for affected users.
Key Elements
-
Mint 23% supply on chosen new chain (Base or BNB)
-
Deploy claim portal for impacted users
-
Migrate DAO treasury liquidity to new chain
-
Encourage LPs to withdraw before migration to minimize impermanent loss
-
Issue esKNINE or locked KNINE equivalents on new chain per defined formula
Pros
-
Eliminates dependency on Shibarium timelines
-
Preserves token supply integrity
-
Creates a clean operational environment
-
Provides path to user remediation
Cons
-
Requires significant engineering effort
-
Requires DAO to maintain multi-chain treasury structure
-
Potential confusion during migration
-
Airdrop contingent on available treasury tokens
Impact on Users
-
Shibarium users compensated through new chain mint
-
esKNINE and locked KNINE handled through vesting or 1:1 mapping
Treasury Impact
-
Moderate expenditure
-
Treasuries split across chains
-
Short-term complexity increases
Option 6 — Full Migration to a New Token via Acquisition Model
Description
A new entity acquires K9 DAO’s assets, and the DAO migrates to a new token with identical tokenomics. The migration includes 1:1 token replacement (excluding hacker-held tokens) and an accompanying brand, website, documentation, and governance overhaul.
Key Elements
-
New token deployed
-
Claim portal for 1:1 swap
-
All vesting tokens released or remapped at agreed rate
-
New branding and website
-
Smart contract audits
-
Sunset of all Shibarium operations
-
Airdrop incorporated into new migration claim
-
Remaining treasury gifted to the new entity
Pros
-
Cleanest long-term break from exploit impact
-
Establishes fresh foundation on new chain
-
Allows DAO to rebuild reputation and utility
-
Consistent with practices observed in other exploited DeFi ecosystems
Cons
-
High operational and legal costs
-
Requires several months of development and auditing
-
Exchanges may not automatically honor new token listings
-
Requires token holders to accept new terms and governance conditions
Impact on Users
-
All legitimate holders receive 1:1 replacement
-
Airdrop included in migration
-
Hacker tokens excluded
Treasury Impact
-
Significant use of treasury for audits, development, and legal restructuring
-
Remaining treasury assets transferred to new entity
K9 DAO Governance Paper: Post-Exploit Strategic Pathways
Part 3 — Comparison Matrix, Voting Specification, Appendices, Disclaimer & Acknowledgements
9. Comparison Matrix of Options
The following matrix provides a consolidated view of the six strategic pathways under consideration. It is designed to help token holders compare tradeoffs clearly and efficiently.
Note: These weights reflect Roundtable discussion and the team’s current analysis. They’re meant to guide comparison—not dictate a decision. Please do your own research and feel free to propose alternative weights or criteria for community discussion.
10. Voting Specification
This section outlines how the DAO vote will be administered, counted, and implemented. The purpose is to ensure clarity, fairness, and governance integrity.
10.1 Eligible Voters
All KNINE token holders are eligible to vote.
Voting weight is determined by token holdings at the time of the snapshot block.
10.2 Voting Format
The governance vote will be conducted using ranked or single-choice voting, depending on DAO preference.
(If not specified by the DAO, default is single-choice.)
The ballot will include the following options:
-
Option 1 — Stay the Course (Shibarium + Ethereum)
-
Option 2 — Ethereum-Only
-
Option 3 — Treasury Compensation + Stay
-
Option 4 — Treasury Compensation + ETH Pivot
-
Option 5 — Mint 23% on New Chain
-
Option 6 — Full Migration via New Token Acquisition
10.3 Passing Criteria
Simple Majority (≥50% of cast votes) unless the DAO elects to require a supermajority for structural changes.
If no option receives >50% in a single-choice vote, a runoff between the top two options will be conducted.
10.4 Implementation
Upon conclusion of the vote:
-
The Roundtable of Dogs will publish an implementation roadmap within 7 days.
-
Technical, financial, and legal workstreams will be formed.
-
Monthly progress reports will be issued until execution is complete.
No further governance proposals will override the result unless they receive separate approval by DAO vote.
11. Full Table of Contents (Parts 1–3)
To support readability and organization, the complete document structure is provided below.
Executive Summary
Part 1 — Background & Exploit Summary
-
Background & Mission
-
K9 DAO’s Role in the Shibarium Ecosystem
-
Events Leading to the Governance Vote
-
Summary of the Shibarium Exploit
Part 2 — Response, Current State & Strategic Options
-
K9 DAO’s Response Following the Exploit
-
Current State of K9 DAO and Shibarium
-
Why a Governance Vote Is Required
-
Strategic Options for the DAO (1–6)
Part 3 — Analysis, Governance Mechanics & Supporting Information
-
Comparison Matrix
-
Voting Specification
-
Full Table of Contents
-
Appendices (Footnotes & References)
-
Legal Disclaimer
-
Acknowledgements
12. Appendices (with Footnotes)
Below are source references and footnotes for key events and data points.
12.1 Footnotes
- Initial Bounty Message:
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x15043635a29f6fe140ad4a5b60beb3b4af5dd1f03aaeef30e724964122de1991
- Final Bounty Threads:
https://etherscan.io/idm?addresses=0xe211bb521fc06238535f02fdc264351a071df142,0x999e025a2a0558c07dbf7f021b2c9852b367e80a&type=1
- Shib.io Post Stating an Intention to Compensate Users:
https://blog.shib.io/shibarium-update-2/
- Treasury Return of Shib-Contributed Bounty Funds:
https://etherscan.io/address/0xbab4f3e701f6d2e009af3c7f1ef2e7dd68225e96/advanced#internaltx
- Public On-Chain Tracing Thread:
https://x.com/MRShimamoto/status/1995582570650902587?s=20
- DeFiLlama TVL Data (Shibarium):
https://defillama.com
13. Legal Disclaimer
This governance paper is provided for informational and decision-making purposes only. It does not constitute financial, legal, or investment advice. Token holders are responsible for evaluating the risks and implications of each option.
K9 DAO, its contributors, and affiliated entities make no representation or warranty regarding the actions, decisions, or performance of third parties, including but not limited to Shib.io, exchanges, or validators.
All timelines, cost estimates, and technical descriptions are provided on a best-effort basis and may be subject to revision following further technical or legal review.
Participation in the governance vote signifies acknowledgment and acceptance of the information presented herein.
14. Acknowledgements
This document was collaboratively prepared with contributions from:
The Roundtable of Dogs
-
Core governance stewards responsible for framing strategic pathways
-
Review and validation of technical, financial, and legal content
The Sub DAO
-
Research, drafting, and analytical support
-
Synthesis of community feedback and operational detail
Special recognition is given to all KNINE community members who have provided input, participated in discussion, or supported recovery efforts since the September 2025 exploit.



